Hydraulic condenser and aspirator



Feb. 6, 1923.

H. F. BENSON. HYDRAULIC coNnENsf-R AND ASPIBATOR.

FILED FEB. 3, 1921.

HARRY F. LENSON OF HOLYOKE, RIASSACHUSETTS,

HNERY CBPORTION, 0F NEW YGRK, N. Y., .A CORPORATION ".*PUEdP AND 0F VRGINIA.

met,

lill

ASSGNOR TO XVORTHXNGTON HYDRAULC CNDENSEB AND ASPRTOR.

Application filed February 3, 1921.

T0 @ZZ whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that l, lrlannv F. Branson, a citizen of the United States, residing at Holyoke, county of Hampden, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain neiv and useful improvements in 'r f dra-ulic Condensers and Aspirators, fully described and represented in the following; specilication and the accompanying drawings, formingl a part or the same.

This invention relates to a condenser or aspirator of the class adapted to mechanically entrain the lluid acted upon.

ln the present invention special advantages are derived by the utilization of the axial dow principle in which one impeller, by reason of its combined axial, radial, and tangential components, delivers to another impeller a conical series of ribbon-like jets of motive tluid Which are particularly ellective ttor entraining other fluids such as liquids, gases or vapors, the last mentioned impeller receiving and ecting,l the combined motive and eutrained lluids and also assisting' entrance into the condenser or aspirator or the lluid to be entrained.

The arial flow principle ont operation provides a device which, when operating as a condenser, tends to self-regulation in that, as the vacuum increases, more fluid is caused to be delivered by the motive fluid impeller and thus overcomes any tendency of the ejecting impeller to remove less ot the entrained liuid, by reason of the. increased pumping' effect produced by the additional motive fluid thus accumulating; in the varies ot the ejecting impeller.

Also, employment ot this principle ellectively utilizes the maximum radial area. presented by 'the venes m the impe-Hers to the fluids entering the saine, with the result that a smalle-11' size device may he. eniployed `for a given capacity than Where other types are used, and a. higher speed may be taken ad vantage of. I

el i'urther feature olf the invention is that no outside pump is required for delivering the motive. fluid as the arial flow impellers perform all the pumpingaction necessary,

ln the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical cross section of a condenser or aspirator embodying` this invention.

2 is a developed plan or' the axial flow vanes' ofl the motive `fluid impeller.

Serial No. 442,028.

Fig. 3 is a developed plan of the axial lloiv vanos of the ejector impeller.

Fig'. 4 is a section on the line 4;-4 ot Fin'. l.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, in vertical cross section, oi' the invention when embodying fixed diusion vanes.

Fig. 6 is a. developed plan of the fined diffusion vanes.

Relerrino to the drawings:

rllhe condenser or aspirator, as herein illustrated for the purpose of disclosing the invention, is of the rotary type and comprises a. casing A formed of parts l and 2 flanged as ad and 4l, respectively, Jfor uniting the parts.

The part l carries the motive fluid inlet 5 which terminates in the conically lla-red outlet 6, the lip of which provides a. guiding means for the projected motive fluid passing:` the interior surface and 'for the fluid to be entrained which passes over the outer surlace. rlhis conieally flared outlet G, in conibination With the impeller housed therein and to be hereinafter described, also serves to divide the motive fluid inlet 5 from the vacuum chamber 7.

The part 2 of the casing,r A forms the discharge or pressure chamber and is provided with an outlet 9 for the combined motive and entrained lluids.

At each side ot the casing A and concentric with the conica-lly flared outlet 6 are the exterior bearings 13 and 14C vvhich are provided with suitable packing` means, not shown, and it is to be especially noted that by reason ot their location the vacuum chainbcr l is not exposed to any packed bearings which might permit leakage with conso quent dln inutiou oi the vacuum.

shalt 'l5 journaled 'in bearings lo :nul 1l "l, one end ol' which is carried in the thrust bearing lila' afljacent the hea, Y wille the other end olt said shalt n ay he connectell with a. prime mover.

IThe shaft has lined thereto un Vial flou' impeller lli located in the th nl the flared motive fluid outlet li and n with peripheral. vanes 18 which. when de veloped, appear as in Figure 2, rl`he vaines '1S are directed at an angle to the inipellei` airis and have thin entrance edges while the sides are curved and slightly diverge toward the outlet finally trailing oil at approximately right angles to the impeller axis and providing constricted outlet openings 19, as compared With the entrance arcas 20, which thus effect the discharge of a. series of' ribbon-like jets et motive `fluid which are given such a direction and velocity due to the axial7 tangential, and. radial liow components of this type oi impeller th lg the discharge jets are caused to concentrare in a conical spray.

rllhe shape oli the inlet and the throat of the motive fluid outlet@ lead the motive fluid to the iinpeller in a fluid column -which encompasses the impeller 16.

Fixed to the shalt and dividingthe vacuum chamber i from the discharge or pressure chamber is a second and larger axial How impeller 21 hereinaier referred to as the eject-or impelier. rThe iinpeller 01 cornprises a central web having a slopingi curved surface high at the center on the side aej acont tl eiinpeller l@ to provide al hub approximately the size of the hub of the iinpeller 16. The impeller Q1 spaced properly on the shait 15 so that clearance is pre1 vided between the said impeller 21 and the flared motive liuid outlet 6 for the ribbonlilre jets discharged by the Yanes 18 of the impeller 16, and Which jets are maintained in their projected conical series or pray leaving the impeller 16 by the ,guiding action or the inner surface oi` 'the motive fluid outlet G and thus are directly received by the vanes 23 of the axial fioiv imp/aller These vanos 23, when develop l as shown in Figure 3, are ailgularly direoed with respect to the impellen axis and are thin :it the receiving edges and have divcrg'infr Walls thereby providing angularljjv' i orteil convera/fing` dicharg'e passages which tl e combined motive and entrained duif 'i to be ejected from the device, and also 'fur on to further concentrate the entrainnieut which has been preiffiously accomplished by the supply o'r fluid to bcentrained entering;- at 8 and being` directed, by the exterior lflared surface ofthe motive fluid outlet 6, .in a superimposed film onto the surface of the conical spray B of ribbcn-lil e jets. The pumping` action of the impeller 21, assisting; entrance into the vacuum chamber 'i' ot the fluid to be entrained, tends to dran' the directed fluid to be entrainod into intimato association with the fluid of' the conical gray B.

ln the modification shown in Figure e, the addition of fixed diffusion vanos ou the discharge side el the ejector iinjjicilcr transiorins the kinetic cuers)v of the conibincd fluids leaving the impeller into pressure. rFliese venes, when developed as shown in Figure 6, have knife-like entrance edges with Walls that diverge toward the outlet `side thus providing constricted or converoutlet passages directed at an obtuse angle `with respect to the varies of the eject- Liliana? ing inipeller and the connecting rings 25 and 26 of which also converge toward the outlet side.

For use as an exhaust-er the vacuum chainber inlet 8 is connected to the area to be exhausted and motive fliud supplied to the inlet 5; thus connected and operated the device is capable of economically maintaining a high vacuum.

ll' used as a condenser the steam, or other vapors, is passed into the vacuum chamber inlet 8 and the condensing motive fluid is supplied to the inlet 5 from which it is delivered by the axial flow motive fluid iinpeller 1G in the manner described and condenses and entrains the steam, or other vapors, and the combined fluids are then discharged by the ejecting impeller 21..

lt is conceivable that Where high fluid pressure is initially available the impeller 16 may be held stationary with respect to the ejeetingg' iinpeller Q1 in which case it Will become merely a. directing means tor delivering the conical spray of motive fluid in the same manner as previously described l claim:

1. In a condenser or aspirator, axial flow means delivering an annular jet of motive fluid, means admitting fluid for entrainment by said motive fluid, and a rotary ejector assisting' entrance of the fluid to be entrained and receiving and dischargingthe combined motive and entrained fluids.

ln a condenser er aspirator, axial flow nieans delivering` an annular spray oi' motive iiuid, means for admitting` fluid for ventraininent by said spray, and a rotary ejector assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving' the combined motive and entrained fluids.

`El. lin a condenser or aspirator, axial flow ineans deliveringT an annular series of jets of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entraininent by said jets, and a rotary ejector assisting entrance oit' fluid to be entrained and receiving,` the combined motive and ent-rained fluids.

a. ln a condenser or aspirator, axial flow means' delivering' a conical spray of motive fluid, means for admitting' fluid for entruinmeut by said spray, and a rotary ejector assisting' entrance of `fluid to be cn trained and receiving; the combined motive and cntrained fluids.

in a roiulenser or aspirator, axial flou' Ains delivering' a conical series oi j motive fluid, means for admitting* iluid for cntrainment by said jets. and a rotary ejector assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

6. ln a condenser or aspirator, an axial iioiv rotor delivering: an annular spray of motive fluid, means 'for ,admitting fluid for entrainment by said spray, and a rotary ejector assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

7. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering an annular series of jets of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said jets, and a rotary ejector' assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

8. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering a conical spray of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said spray, and a rotary ejector assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

9. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering a conical series of jets of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said jets, and a rotary ejector assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

10. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering an annular spray of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said spray, and an axial flow impeller assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

11. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering an annular series of jets of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said jets, and an axial flow impeller assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

12. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering a conical spray of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said spray, and an axial flow impeller assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined motive and entrained fluids.

3. In a condenser or aspirator, an axial flow rotor delivering a conical series of jets of motive fluid, means for admitting fluid for entrainment by said jets, and an axial flou' impeller assisting entrance of fluid to be entrained and receiving the combined .motive and entrained fluids.

lll. In a condenser or aspirator, a casing, a shaft extending through said casing, a rotor mounted on said shaft at one side of said casing for producing continuously flowing jets of motive fluid, and another rotor on said shaft spaced from the first mentioned rotor for inducing a flow of fluid upon said jets so as to be entrained thereby, said last mentioned rotor discharging the mixture of motive and entrained fluids.

15. In a condenser or aspirator, a casing, a shaft extending thro-ugh said casing, an

axial flow rotary pump mounted on said shaft for producing a conical series of ribbon-like jets of motive fluid, guiding means surrounding the rotary pump, the interior of said guiding means assisting to maintain the conical configuration of the series of jets and the exterior thereof serving to direct a fluid to be entrained upon the motive fluid jets and a single rotor mounted upon said shaft and spaced from the pump for inducing an inflow of fluid to be entra-ined and for discharging` the mixture of motive and entrained fluids.

16. In a condenser or aspirator, a casing, axial flow means for motive fluid jets, axial flovv means for inducing floiv of fluid to be entrained, the motive fluid jets discharging into said last mentioned axial flow means, and means directing fluid to be entrained upon said jets in the form of a superimposed layer, said last named axial flovT means also serving to discharge the mixture of motive and entrained fluids.

17. In a condenser or aspirator, a casing, axial flow means for motive fluid jets, axial flow means for inducing flow of fluid to be entrained, the motive fluid jets discharging into said last mentioned axial flow means, means directing fluid to be entrained upon said jets in the form of a superimposed layer, said last named axial flow means also serving to discharge the mixture of motive and entrained fluids, and diffusion vanes on the discharge side of the last named axial flow means.

1S. In a condenser or aspirator, a casing, axial flow means at one side of said casing for producing a motive fluid sheet the molecules of which move in combined axial, radial and tangential directions, and another axial flow means inducing a flow of fluid to be entrained upon said sheet, said last named axial flow means serving also to discharge the mixture of motive and entrained fluids.

19. In a rotary condenser or aspirator, a casing provided with a motive fluid inlet and a delivery outlet, an axial flow ejector separating the inlet from the outlet, and an axial flow impeller in said inlet delivering motive fluid to said ejector.

20. In a rotary condenser or aspirator, a casing provided with a motive fluid inlet and a delivery outlet, an axial flow ejector separating the inlet from the outlet, and an axial flow impeller in said inlet having vanes delivering ribbon-like jets of motive fluid in a conical spray to said ejector.

21. In a rotary condenser or aspirator, a casing provided With a motive fluid inlet and a delivery outlet, an axial flow ejector separating the inlet from the outlet, and an axial flow impeller in said inlet for delivering motive fluid to said ejector and having vanes forming angularly axially directed passages each constricted at the d li.'er v end and dividing the inotive fluid into rilibonlike jets.

22. In a rotary condenser or aspirator, a casing provided with a motive fluid inlet and a delivery outlet, the lSaid inlet having a flared mouth, an axial lloxv ejector separating' the inlet from the outlet, an axial flow im-peller in said inlet and havingvanes forming angularly axially directed passages each constricted at the delivery end and projecting' the motive fluid toward said ejector in ribbon-like jets maintained in a concentrated conical spray by Said flared outlet mouth of the inlet.

23. In a rotary condenser or aspirator, a casing provided With a motive l'luid inlet and a delivery outlet. the Said inlet having' a mouth provided with interior and exterior flared surfaces, an axial loiv ejecting` iinpeller, means admitting fluid to be entrained and entering said casing between the inlet and Said ejecting' iinpeller and received on the flared exterior of the motive fluid inlet, and an axial flow impeller insaid inlet for delivering a conical series of jets of motive fluid toward said ejecting impeller, the flared inner surface of said inlet maintaining said jets in the conical spray and the exterior surface directing the Huid to be entrained onto said conical spray.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand. l

HARRY F. BENSON. 

